DNS (Domain Name System) is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. It translates human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses that computers can understand and communicate with each other.

DNS plays a critical role in how the Internet works, as it allows users to access websites and other online resources using easy-to-remember names instead of numerical IP addresses. For example, when you type "www.example.com" into your web browser, the DNS system translates this name into the IP address of the server where the website is hosted.

DNS is organized into a hierarchy of name servers, with the root name servers at the top of the hierarchy. When a user wants to access a website, their computer sends a request to the local DNS resolver, which looks up the IP address of the website's name server and then sends a request to that name server for the IP address of the website. This process continues until the name server for the website is found, and the IP address is returned to the user's computer.

DNS is an essential part of the Internet infrastructure, and it is used by almost all devices that are connected to the Internet. It is also used by many private networks to allow users to access resources on the network using human-readable names.

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